The first examination of a witness by the counsel who called the witness to testify.

A personal representative, named in a will, who administers an estate.

A document or other item introduced as evidence during a trial or hearing.

Exhibit and/or evidence that is offered by the prosecution.

Removal of a charge, responsibility or duty.

Testimony given in relation to some scientific, technical, or professional matter by experts, i.e., person qualified to speak authoritatively by reason of their special training, skill, or familiarity with the subject.

Official and formal erasure of a record or partial contents of a record.

Circumstances which render a crime less aggravated, heinous, or reprehensible than it would otherwise be.

The act of obtaining the property of another person through wrongful use of actual or threatened force, violence, or fear.

The process by which one state or country surrenders to another state, a person accused or convicted of a crime in the other state.

A writ, often issued by an appellate court, making available remedies not regularly within the powers of lower courts. They include writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition and quo warranto.

A second examination of a witness by the opposing counsel after the second examination (or redirect examination) by the counsel who called the witness to testify is completed.

One who saw the act, fact, or transaction to which he or she testifies.

The act of not appearing in court after being presented with a subpoena or summons.

The act of not following an order that is directed by the court.

A hearing in which certain rights are respected such as the right to present evidence, to cross examine and to have findings supported by evidence.

Any unlawful physical restraint of another's personal liberty, whether or not carried out by a peace officer.

The unlawful restraint by one person of another person's physical liberty.

Representation of some fact or circumstance which is not true and is calculated to mislead, whereby a person obtains another's money or goods.

A small amount of money set aside from the estate of the deceased. Its purpose is to provide for the surviving family members during the administration of the estate.

The most complete, unlimited form of ownership of real property, which endures until the current holder dies without heir.

A crime of a more serious nature than a misdemeanor, usually punishable by imprisonment in a penitentiary for more than a year and/or substantial fines.

A second examination of a witness by the counsel who called the witness to testify. This examination is usually focused on certain matters that were discussed by the opposing counsel's examination.

A murder committed during the commission of a felony such as robbery, burglary, or kidnapping.

Declarations by either side in a civil or criminal case reserving the right to appeal a judge's ruling upon a motion. Also, in regulatory cases, objections by either side to points made by the other side or to rulings by the agency or one of its hearing officers.

An order of the court requiring all witnesses to remain outside the courtroom until each is called to testify, except the plaintiff or defendant. The witnesses are ordered not to discuss their testimony with each other and may be held in contempt if they violate the order.

The rule preventing illegally obtained evidence to be used in any trial.

The matter can only be filed in one court.

Evidence which tends to indicate that a defendant did not commit the alleged crime.

To complete the legal requirements (such as signing before witnesses) that make a will valid. Also, to execute a judgment or decree means to put the final judgment of the court into effect.